What the five axes actually measure.

The maximum force your muscles can produce in a single effort.

In plain terms, this is how heavy you can lift, how much raw power your body can generate when it matters. A rugby player driving in a scrum, a basketballer holding position in the post, an athlete changing direction hard. All of that draws on maximum strength.

• Estimated one-rep max on key compound lifts: back squat, front squat, deadlift, trap-bar deadlift, bench press, overhead press.
• Normalised to bodyweight, because functional strength is relative. A 90 kg athlete squatting 150 kg is functionally stronger than a 110 kg athlete squatting 160 kg.
• Lower-body lifts are weighted more heavily for team-sport athletes, because lower-body force production drives most athletic movement.

Every time you log a session with heavier loads, or more reps at a given weight, the estimated max recalculates and the score updates.

How fast you can move over short distances — your acceleration and top-end velocity.

For most team-sport athletes this is about the first 10 to 20 metres. The explosive burst off the mark, the ability to win a foot race to a loose ball, beating an opponent to a gap. It is not marathon pace — it is how quickly you cover ground when it counts.

• Timed sprint efforts over short distances: 10 m and 20 m for team-sport athletes, sometimes 40 m for sports with longer sprint demands.
• Continuous sprint detection during outdoor sessions, capturing how fast you actually move during real training.

Updated through periodic structured sprint tests, with continuous data confirming whether you are maintaining or improving between tests.

Your ability to sustain effort and recover between efforts over time.

This has two faces. One is aerobic capacity — the engine that lets you keep going for 80 minutes of a match. The other is repeated-effort capacity — the ability to sprint, recover and sprint again without your output collapsing. A flanker making his fortieth tackle in the last ten minutes is drawing on both.

• VO₂ max, estimated by the Apple Watch from outdoor running and walking over weeks — the aerobic engine.
• Heart-rate response at sub-maximal effort, and pace at threshold — showing aerobic efficiency.
• Repeated-sprint ability from periodic tests — capturing the anaerobic recovery component for team-sport athletes.

Largely passive. The watch updates VO₂ max continuously as you train outdoors. Periodic tests refine the repeated-effort component.

How quickly you can express strength — the rate at which you produce force.

Strength is how much force you can produce. Explosiveness is how fast you can produce it. You can be very strong but slow to express it, which makes you less explosive. This is what powers a vertical leap for a rebound, a jump for a high ball, the snap of acceleration that strength alone does not give you.

• Vertical jump height, measured through the Apple Watch accelerometer using flight time.
• Reactive strength from drop jumps where available — capturing the elastic, fast-stretch component of explosive movement.

Updated through periodic jump tests, with continuous detection of jumping activity during sessions adding trend context.

Your ability to absorb training, recover well, and keep showing up healthy and consistent.

This is the only axis that is not a single physical performance test. It is a composite that captures how robust you are as an athlete over time — not how strong or fast you are on your best day, but whether your body holds up to the demands of training and competition week after week without breaking down. It is the axis that reflects sustainability: the difference between an athlete who trains hard for a season and one who trains hard for a career.

• Heart-rate variability trend over time, showing whether the body is adapting well or under chronic strain.
• Sleep consistency and quality, the foundation of recovery.
• Training availability, the percentage of planned sessions actually completed without being sidelined.
• Recovery between sessions, how quickly the body returns to baseline after load.
• Injury frequency and history, how often the body breaks down.

Mostly passive, drawn from wearable data and the system’s own record of adherence and injury. It rises when recovering well, sleeping consistently, training without interruption, and staying healthy. It falls when fatigue accumulates, sleep degrades, sessions are missed, or injuries occur.